Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Confusing Technology Terms
What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
The Internet is a global network of computers that are interconnected. It’s the infrastructure that allows computers around the world to communicate with each other. On the other hand, the World Wide Web (WWW) is a service that operates over the Internet. It’s a collection of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. In simple terms, the Internet is the infrastructure, while the WWW is a service that operates over this infrastructure.
What does the term ‘Cloud Computing’ mean?
Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services over the Internet, rather than using local servers or personal devices. These services include servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence. The main advantage of cloud computing is that it offers flexible resources, innovation, and economies of scale. You typically only pay for the cloud services you use, helping lower your operating costs, run your infrastructure more efficiently, and scale as your business needs change.
What is the difference between ‘Data’ and ‘Information’?
Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. It can be something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organized. Once data is processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information.
What is ‘Artificial Intelligence’?
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving.
What is ‘Machine Learning’?
Machine Learning is a type of artificial intelligence that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. It focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it to learn for themselves.
What is ‘Deep Learning’?
Deep Learning is a subset of machine learning where artificial neural networks, algorithms inspired by the human brain, learn from large amounts of data. While a neural network with a single layer can still make approximate predictions, additional hidden layers can help optimize the results.
What is ‘Big Data’?
Big Data refers to extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions.
What is ‘Blockchain’?
Blockchain is a system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system. A blockchain is essentially a digital ledger of transactions that is duplicated and distributed across the entire network of computer systems on the blockchain.
What is ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT)?
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a system of interrelated, internet-connected objects that are able to collect and transfer data over a wireless network without human intervention.
What is ‘Virtual Reality’ (VR)?
Virtual Reality (VR) is a simulated experience that can be similar to or completely different from the real world. Applications of virtual reality can include entertainment (i.e. gaming) and educational purposes (i.e. medical or military training).
Craig is a freelance UK web consultant who built his first page for IE2.0 in 1995. Since that time he's been advocating standards, accessibility, and best-practice HTML5 techniques. He's created enterprise specifications, websites and online applications for companies and organisations including the UK Parliament, the European Parliament, the Department of Energy & Climate Change, Microsoft, and more. He's written more than 1,000 articles for SitePoint and you can find him @craigbuckler.