When would using the empty pseudo class be useful?

It’s very common to end up with empty containers in a CMS—for example, when a sloppy blogger leaves a few extra returns within or at the end of a blog post, resulting in a gap caused by empty <p></p> tags; or when you have a container in your HTML that may or may not be populated with content via PHP etc.

This comes up all the time in forums, including recently. E.g. What's the benefits between the two methods of displaying a ACF field

As long as the element has no whitespace (which can be arranged in some situations), the :empty pseudo class could be used to hide the useless element.

JS is another option for this, and can also handle the situations where there is whitespace, returns etc. between the tags.