I think that I have found a solution (with this help): with GET:
1st page
<p><a href="aaa.2.php?varname=en">eng</a><br />
<a href="aaa.2.php?varname=it">ita</a><br />
<a href="aaa.2.php?varname=es">esp</a></p>
2nd page
<?php
$lang = $_GET['varname'];
?>
<html>
<body lang="<?php if(empty($lang)) {echo "it";} else {echo"$lang";} ?>">
<p>some words</p>