Yeah, you can do that:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset=utf-8 />
<title>ColorBox demo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://www.jacklmoore.com/colorbox/example1/colorbox.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, there!</h1>
<h2>This is some content</h2>
<p>The popup will open in <span id="seconds">1</span> second</p>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://www.jacklmoore.com/colorbox/jquery.colorbox.js"></script>
<script src="jquery.cookie.js"></script>
<script>
function openColorBox () {
$.colorbox({iframe: true, width: '80%', height: '80%', href: 'http://www.sitepoint.com'})
setTimeout(function () { $(window).colorbox.close() }, 10000)
}
function countDown () {
seconds--
$('#seconds').text(seconds)
if (seconds === 0) {
openColorBox()
clearInterval(i)
}
}
var seconds = 1
var i = setInterval(countDown, 1000)
if (!$.cookie('colorboxShown')) {
openColorBox()
$.cookie('colorboxShown', 'yes', true, { expires: 1, path: '/' })
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
This is the line that closes the colorbox:
setTimeout(function () { $(window).colorbox.close() }, 10000)
See here for more details: How to have a popup window open and close automatically