I guess you’re interested in getting the value of column 15 for all rows. If so, try this:
function psl_getRegions($agency, $user){
$sql="SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE `user_relationshipAgency`='{$agency}' AND user_id != '{$user}'";
$result = $db->query($sql);
$output = array();
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result,MYSQL_BOTH)){ // the columns can be retrieved either by index number or name
$output[] = $row[15]
}
var_dump($output);
}