Agile WebDev Cart Display Error

[skeeterbug]

i'm working through the cart example in agile webdev with rails and i've hit a snag.

i was able to get the cart to display the quantity of products selected via the stub.

however, when i was supposed to update the stub (after updating the ApplicationController to see the cart and line_item models), i got an error message.

i double checked my code and found an error, but it didn't ultimately resolve the issue.

the error i'm getting is...

 NoMethodError in Store#display_cart

Showing app/views/store/display_cart.rhtml where line #10 raised:

You have a nil object when you didn't expect it!
The error occured while evaluating nil.title

Extracted source (around line #10):

7: -%>
8:   <tr>
9:     <td><%= item.quantity %></td>
10:     <td><%= h(product.title) %></td>
11:     <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price %></td>
12:     <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price * item.quantity %></td>
13:   </tr>

RAILS_ROOT: script/../config/..
Application Trace | Framework Trace | Full Trace

#{RAILS_ROOT}/app/views/store/display_cart.rhtml:10:in `_run_rhtml_store_display_cart'
#{RAILS_ROOT}/app/views/store/display_cart.rhtml:5:in `_run_rhtml_store_display_cart'

/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:314:in `compile_and_render_template'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:290:in `render_template'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:249:in `render_file'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:699:in `render_file'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:621:in `render_with_no_layout'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/layout.rb:243:in `render_without_benchmark'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:53:in `render'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/benchmark.rb:293:in `measure'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:53:in `render'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:911:in `perform_action_without_filters'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/filters.rb:368:in `perform_action_without_benchmark'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:69:in `perform_action_without_rescue'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/benchmark.rb:293:in `measure'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:69:in `perform_action_without_rescue'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/rescue.rb:82:in `perform_action'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:381:in `process_without_filters'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/filters.rb:377:in `process_without_session_management_support'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/session_management.rb:117:in `process'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/dispatcher.rb:38:in `dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:115:in `handle_dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:81:in `service'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:104:in `service'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:65:in `run'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:173:in `start_thread'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start_thread'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:95:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:23:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:82:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:67:in `dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/commands/servers/webrick.rb:59
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:21:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-1.3.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:147:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/commands/server.rb:30
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:21:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-1.3.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:147:in `require'
script/server:3

#{RAILS_ROOT}/app/views/store/display_cart.rhtml:10:in `_run_rhtml_store_display_cart'
#{RAILS_ROOT}/app/views/store/display_cart.rhtml:5:in `_run_rhtml_store_display_cart'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:314:in `compile_and_render_template'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:290:in `render_template'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_view/base.rb:249:in `render_file'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:699:in `render_file'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:621:in `render_with_no_layout'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/layout.rb:243:in `render_without_benchmark'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:53:in `render'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/benchmark.rb:293:in `measure'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:53:in `render'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:911:in `perform_action_without_filters'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/filters.rb:368:in `perform_action_without_benchmark'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:69:in `perform_action_without_rescue'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/benchmark.rb:293:in `measure'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb:69:in `perform_action_without_rescue'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/rescue.rb:82:in `perform_action'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/base.rb:381:in `process_without_filters'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/filters.rb:377:in `process_without_session_management_support'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-1.12.1/lib/action_controller/session_management.rb:117:in `process'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/dispatcher.rb:38:in `dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:115:in `handle_dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:81:in `service'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:104:in `service'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:65:in `run'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:173:in `start_thread'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start_thread'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:95:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:23:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:82:in `start'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/webrick_server.rb:67:in `dispatch'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/commands/servers/webrick.rb:59
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:21:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-1.3.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:147:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-1.1.2/lib/commands/server.rb:30
/usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:21:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-1.3.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:147:in `require'
script/server:3

Request

Parameters: None

Show session dump

--- 
:cart: !ruby/object:Cart 
  items: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
    product: 
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 0
      product_id: 
      unit_price: 
    new_record: true
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 1
      product_id: 3
      unit_price: 24.95
    new_record: true
    product: !ruby/object:Product 
      attributes: 
        image_url: /images/ror.png
        date_available: "2006-05-20"
        price: "24.95"
        title: Agile Web Development with Rails
        id: "3"
        description: This book describes how to program in an agile manner using Ruby on Rails.  Ruby is an object oriented programming language and Rails is a framework.  It takes a while to convert from procedural thinking, but, once you do, application development becomes much more efficient.
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 1
      product_id: 2
      unit_price: 10.0
    new_record: true
    product: !ruby/object:Product 
      attributes: 
        image_url: /images/sk_auto_big.jpg
        date_available: "2006-05-13"
        price: "10.00"
        title: Product 2
        id: "2"
        description: Product 2
  - !ruby/object:LineItem 
    attributes: 
      quantity: 1
      product_id: 2
      unit_price: 10.0
    new_record: true
    product: !ruby/object:Product 
      attributes: 
        image_url: /images/sk_auto_big.jpg
        date_available: "2006-05-13"
        price: "10.00"
        title: Product 2
        id: "2"
        description: Product 2
  total_price: 284.6
flash: !map:ActionController::Flash::FlashHash {}


Response
Headers: {"cookie"=>[], "Cache-Control"=>"no-cache"}

i would appreciate any help to resolve this isssue.

[Fenrir2]

The problem is that product is nil (not set) in this line:

<td><%= h(product.title) %></td>

Maybe you meant @product.title, or you've mistyped the name in the loop?

Could you post you view + controller code if this doesn't resolve your issue?

[Luke Redpath]

Where does the product variable come from? Could you post the entire code of display_cart.rhtml?

[skeeterbug]

Where does the product variable come from? Could you post the entire code of display_cart.rhtml?

here's the cart.rhtml code:

<h1>Display Cart</h1>

<table>
<% 
for item in @items 
  product = item.product
-%>
  <tr>
    <td><%= item.quantity %></td>
    <td><%= h(product.title) %></td>
    <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price %></td>
    <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price * item.quantity %></td>
  </tr>
<% end -%>
</table>

i think that matches the book code

this stub code does work and displays fine:

<p>Your cart contains <%= @items.size %> items</p>

[skeeterbug]

[edited - solved. i allow cookies, but have some exceptions. localhost and booksprag where exceptions that i don't recall setting. it all works now]

i think i resolved the issue, but was unaware of it due to not clearing out my cache, cookies and/or restarting webrick.

in any case, using firefox, it now displays "Display Cart" and nothing else.

however, when i run konquerer, it works as advertized.

this is frustrating. i've cleared out the cache and cleared out cookies (localhost and books pragprog). still, the table (actually, for loop) doesn't display in firefox, but does in konquerer.

why would it display in konquerer and not in firefox? in ff, i can print before and after the loop... but it doesn't recognize the table loop.

<h1>Display Cart</h1>
ff - this prints to screen
<table>
<% 
for item in @items 
  product = item.product
-%>
  <tr>
    <td><%= item.quantity %></td>
    <td><%= h(product.title) %></td>
    <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price %></td>
    <td align="right"><%= item.unit_price * item.quantity %></td>
  </tr>
<% end -%>
ff - this prints to screen
</table>